tijde van de gevangenschap van John Dickens. De sanitaire toestand met de vliegenplaag wordt in Little Dorrit voortreffelijk geschilderd. c. 'UncleTom'. 'Uncle Tom' was de naam voor de pandjesbaas. Wij troffen verpanden aan in Dickens' levensverhaal en in het parlementair rapport over de dood van Thomas Culver. In The Pickwick Papers verpandde Jingle, gevangen in de Fleet Prison kledingsstukken om te kunnen eten. Als hij mr.Pickwick de kamer uit volgt zegt deze, dat Jingle zijn jas vergeet: "Eh?" said Jingle.Spout - dear relation - Uncle Tom - couldn't help it - must eat, you know. Wants of nature - and all that." "What do you mean?" "Gone, my dear sir - last coat - can't help it. Lived on a pair of boots - whole fortnight. Silk umbrella - Ivor/ handle - week - fact - honour - ask Job - knows it." "Pawnbroker's shop - duplicates here - small sums - mere nothing - all rascals." Wij hebben inmiddels al gezien hoe, ook in The Pickwick Papers, Mr.Mivins de pandjesbaas op heel andere wijze inschakelde, nl. door op krediet gekochte juwelen te verpanden. In David Copperfield beschrijft David hoe hij boeken voor mrs.Micawber verkocht en voorwerpen voor haar verpandde. Dit verhaal zou een van de autobiografische fragmenten zijn. Hel maakte eigenlijk weinig verschil of men verpandde of verkocht, zowel in Dickens' levensverhaal als Iri David Copperfield vonden beide plaats riaast en door elkaar. De pandjesbaas of de koper profiteerde er van, want er werd uiteraard onder de waarde in pand genomen of gekocht. Hierover schreef o.a. iemand onder de schuilnaam 'Philantropist' in The Times van 7 November 1846: "I could name numberless instances where poor families, driven to the pawn shop as the only and last resource, have been compelled, day atter day, to get rid ot everything at the least possible value to the pawnbroker; and instead of these pawnbrokers giving them a fair loan upon their goods, they generally get a mere nothing in comparison to their value. And why? Because the pawnbroker, in nine cases out ot ten, looks forward to becoming possessed of the goods; torwill venture to assert, and I make my appeal to that portion of the unfortunate public who have been compelled to have recourse to this mode of raising money, if, atter the expiration ot 12 months, their goods have not been lost; and how tew, if any, have ever received a surplus above the money lent! The fact is, the things are sold to some made up sale of the pawnbrokers; and although the act of Parliament compels them not only to give full publicity of the sale, and surplus for goods pledged oniy above 10s. to the individual who holds the ticket or voucher, yet no persons except a few sharkers and informers, ever hear of any such sale, or ever think of making any such useless application. It therefore becomes a ver/

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The Dutch Dickensian | 2003 | | pagina 21